apocalypse now opening scene

 - there is no imagery, first thing we get is sound - the sound of a helicopter which we would associate with the war and with the epic context of a war movie. sound is kind of manipulated, feels kind of dream like and hallucinatory

- first image ;lush tropical inviting imagery; associated with studio system, technical colour was brought in to encourage people to come to watch movies at the cinema, was seen as a wonderful joyous kind of thing, but Coppola subverts this, as its in fact absolute destruction that emerges from that image

- wide angle lens to give sense of epic vision

- smoke coming in from the side, we are robbed of context. usually the establishing shot provides context but we are simply given brightly coloured smoke coming from nowhere, emphasising the feeling of surrealness, maybe even nightmarish

- Song 'The End' by band 'The Doors' which is associated with drug culture helps to present Captain Willard's state of mental alteration during the film

- explosion overpowers audience - fire and flames engulf the screen, the first camera movement (pan) timed with introduction of vocal "this is the end" in the song.

- split screen effect with Willard on the screen as well as forest fire, so we get the idea that all the imagery is in his head, he is also upside down so that implies that he is seeing the world in a skewed way,, cross fade to blades of fan that he's actually looking at making same sound as helicopters makes us experience the world as willard sees it; his subconscious 

- fragmented editing influenced by french new wave; jump cuts, used for symbolic purposes; Willard is living with no real sense of time and space 

- hotel room with little possessions could indicate absence of self..

- the dialogue delivered by Willard in this scene is dubbed over the cuts of him in his room, adding to the sense of insanity

- we see a high angle shot of Willard crouched down in the room appearing very small as he states "each time I look around, the walls move in a little tighter" this adds to the feeling of instability and conveys to the audience how disorientated Willard is 

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